Contrast media-induced nephrotoxicity (CIN)can occur as a result of a physiologic change when a transient increase in blood flow is then followed by a longer period of decreased blood flow to the kidneys,after the administration of contrast media.Which statement best describes a true risk factor for CIN?

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The most notable predictor of CIN is believed to be underlying renal insufficiency.The patient's state of hydration and the existence of any preexisting renal insufficiency affect the likelihood of CIN.Biphasic renal flow has been described following contrast administration.This involves a transient increase in blood flow and then a longer period of decreased blood flow to the kidneys.Contrast media-induced nephrotoxicity (CIN)can occur as a result of this physiologic change.Patients with normal renal function tolerate contrast administration well given certain guidelines are observed.Tumlin and colleagues (2006)cite three contributing factors:vasoconstriction,oxidative stress,and direct tubular toxicity.

Contrast Media-Induced Nephrotoxicity (CIN)can Occur as a Result of a Physiologic