Question 1

Approximately what percentage of U.S. adults are affected by Alzheimer's disease after age 65?

Accepted Answer

Approximately 12% of U.S. adults are affected by Alzheimer's disease after age 65. This percentage increases with age, with about 32% of adults aged 85 and older affected by the disease.

Question 2

What is the main reason for dieting in the elderly?

Accepted Answer

The main reason for dieting in the elderly is to pursue a medical goal such as reducing blood glucose. This is because elderly individuals may be more susceptible to health conditions such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and obesity that are often managed with dietary modifications.

Answer: D
 Atrophic gastritis and pernicious anemia are also potential health concerns for elderly individuals. Atrophic gastritis is inflammation of the stomach lining that can lead to nutrient deficiencies, while pernicious anemia is a condition in which the body is unable to absorb vitamin B12, which can also lead to anemia and other health problems. Dietary modifications may help reduce the risk of developing these conditions.

Question 3

What proportion of persons in the U.S., age 65 and older, have a cataract?

Accepted Answer

More than half of people in the U.S. aged 65 and older have a cataract, as it is a common condition associated with aging.

Question 4

Which of the following types of diets has been shown to prevent or reduce arthritis inflammation?

Accepted Answer

A diet low in saturated fat and high in omega-3 fatty acids has been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects, which can help prevent or reduce arthritis inflammation.

Question 5

Which of the following is a characteristic of alcohol use in the elderly?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a characteristic...

Question 6

Which of the following is a characteristic of nutrition and cataract formation?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a characteristic...

Question 7

Which of the following is a feature of zinc nutrition in the elderly?

Accepted Answer

Zinc intake is insufficient in older people due to decreased absorption and intake from food sources.

Answer: B 
 Excess zinc from supplements can lead to a condition called metallogeusia, which blunts the taste buds and alters the perception of taste.

Answer: C 
 Zinc deficiency can stimulate the appetite for high-fat foods, leading to a potential risk for obesity in the elderly.

Answer: E 
 Excess zinc intake can impair immune function and increase the risk of infections like pneumonia in the elderly.

Therefore, the best choices are A and B.

Question 8

Which of the following is thought to promote the development of brain senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles?

Accepted Answer

Oxidative stress is believed to promote the development of brain senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. These plaques and tangles are associated with Alzheimer's disease and other forms of dementia. Oxidative stress occurs when there is an imbalance between the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the body's ability to neutralize them with antioxidants. ROS can damage cellular structures, including proteins and DNA, and contribute to the aging process and the development of age-related diseases.

Question 9

What disorder is associated with the body's breakdown of purines?

Accepted Answer

Gout is a disorder in which the body breaks down purines into uric acid, leading to the formation of urate crystals that deposit in the joints and cause inflammation and pain.

Question 10

What organ is affected by macular degeneration?

Accepted Answer

Macular degeneration affects the eyes, specifically the macula which is a small area near the center of the retina.

Question 11

Which of the following is a program that provides low-income older adults with coupons that are exchangeable for fresh vegetables and fruits at community-supported farmers' markets and roadside stands?

Accepted Answer

The Senior Farmers Market Nutrition Program is specifically designed to provide low-income older adults with coupons that can be used to purchase fresh fruits and vegetables at community-supported farmers' markets and roadside stands. The program is aimed at improving the health and nutrition of older adults, while also supporting local farmers and communities.

Question 12

What is a congregate meal?

Accepted Answer

A congregate meal is a meal provided for the elderly in a place such as a community center. It is designed to bring seniors together to socialize, enjoy a meal, and improve their nutrition.

Question 13

Which of the following is a feature of food choices and eating habits of older people?

Accepted Answer

According to research, people over 65 are less likely to diet to lose weight than younger people. The other options are either false or unrelated to the given topic.

Question 14

Which of the following statements describes one aspect of mineral nutrition of older adults?

Accepted Answer

As older adults have reduced stomach acidity, their ability to absorb iron is also reduced.

Question 15

What is thought to be the most important nutrition concern for people with Alzheimer's disease?

Accepted Answer

Maintaining appropriate body weight is crucial for individuals with Alzheimer's disease, as they may experience weight loss due to factors like reduced appetite, difficulty eating, or increased energy expenditure.

Question 16

A condition that increases the likelihood of iron deficiency in older people is

Accepted Answer

Poor iron absorption due to reduced stomach acid secretion and/or use of antacids can contribute to iron deficiency in older people. This is because stomach acid is necessary for the breakdown and absorption of iron. Additionally, aging can often result in reduced stomach acid secretion, while antacids can also interfere with iron absorption.

Question 17

Which of the following would be the most effective substitute for fresh milk for the elderly person living alone?

Accepted Answer

UHT milk, also known as long-life milk, is a good substitute for fresh milk as it has a longer shelf life and does not need to be refrigerated until opened. This is especially helpful for an elderly person living alone who may not consume milk quickly enough before it spoils. UHT milk has the same nutritional composition as fresh milk and is readily available in most supermarkets. The other options listed may not provide the same level of nutrition or may not be suitable for the elderly person's dietary needs.

Question 18

Which of the following foods seems to relieve rheumatoid arthritis in some people?

Accepted Answer

Olive oil contains anti-inflammatory compounds that may help relieve the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis.

Question 19

What are the thickenings that occur to the lenses of the eye, thereby affecting vision, especially in the elderly?

Accepted Answer

The thickenings that occur in the lenses of the eye affecting vision, particularly in the elderly are cataracts. Cataracts result in clouding of the lenses of the eye, causing blurry or hazy vision. Retinitis, keratoids, rhodolipids, and glaucoma are other eye conditions that affect vision, but they do not cause the same type of lens thickening that cataracts do.

Question 20

Which of the following is true of food assistance programs for older Americans?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is true of...

Quiz 17: Life Cycle Nutrition: Adulthood and the Later Years