Which factor(s)associated with aging contribute(s)to the high incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in older adults?
A) Fewer T-lymphocytes
B) Less lean muscle mass
C) Decreased thyroid function
D) Decreased physical activity
E) Left ventricular hypertrophy
F)Decreased insulin sensitivity

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Less lean muscle mass means that the body has fewer insulin receptor sites; thus glucose circulates in the blood stream longer,leading to hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus.Decreased thyroid function decreases the metabolic rate.If the metabolic rate decreases without a corresponding decrease in caloric intake,then the body consumes more food than it needs for its metabolic rate and hyperglycemia occurs.Decreased physical activity contributes to type 2 diabetes in two ways.First,a less active person has less lean muscle mass than an active person.Second,physical activity helps metabolize glucose; if activity decreases and food consumption does not decrease,then hyperglycemia occurs.Insulin sensitivity decreases with age and increases the need for insulin in older adults.To prevent hyperglycemia,the older adult must increase physical activity and decrease food consumption.
Fewer T-lymphocytes are associated with age-related changes caused by autoimmune reactions wherein the body recognizes itself as a foreign substance and works to destroy it.Type 1 diabetes mellitus is considered an autoimmune disorder.Left ventricular hypertrophy is not directly related to the increased incidence of type 2 diabetes in older adults; however,if hypertrophy leads to exercise intolerance,then it can be related to an increased incidence of type 2 diabetes.

Which Factor(s)associated with Aging Contribute(s)to the High Incidence of Type