From the time they are born,twins Johnny (a boy)and Tracey (a girl)are treated diversely.For example,whenever Johnny plays with a truck,his parents praise his behavior.Whenever Tracey shows an interest in a doll,her parents praise her actions.A social learning theorist would likely argue that this _____ will likely lead to distinct gender roles for Johnny and Tracey.

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Differential reinforcement is the process of reinforcing one behavior while ignoring or punishing another. In this case, Johnny is being reinforced for playing with a truck and Tracey is being reinforced for playing with a doll. This differential reinforcement will likely lead to gender role development, with Johnny more likely to engage in masculine activities and Tracey more likely to engage in feminine activities. The other choices - observational learning, parental identification, and systemizing - may also play a role in gender role development, but they are not specifically exemplified in this scenario.

From the Time They Are Born,twins Johnny (A Boy)and Tracey