The Term Hammer Toe Is Most Often Used to Describe

The term hammer toe is most often used to describe an abnormal flexion posture of the proximal interphalangeal joint of one of the four lesser toes. A bunion (hallux valgus) is a soft tissue or bony mass at the medial side of the first metatarsal head. Both of these deformity conditions of the feet share similar surgical positions, instrumentation for fixation, and recovery plans. Which of the following considerations is also shared by both procedures?

A) Perform skin preparation of the same toes.
B) Position patient supine and apply ankle tourniquet.
C) Provide epinephrine for injection into the toes to decrease bleeding.
D) None of these options are relevant to both procedures.