The four southernmost islands in the Kuril chain is claimed by both of these countries.

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The Kuril Islands dispute involves a territorial disagreement between Japan and Russia over the ownership of the four southernmost islands in the Kuril chain. The dispute dates back to the end of World War II when the Soviet Union occupied the islands. Japan claims the islands as part of its Northern Territories, whereas Russia claims them as part of its Sakhalin Oblast. South Korea, China, and India are not involved in this dispute.

The Four Southernmost Islands in the Kuril Chain Is Claimed