In McCloskey and Zaragoza (1985), the misinformation effect did not occur because the distractors in a recognition test did not include the misinformation.

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The study by McCloskey and Zaragoza (1985) found that the misinformation effect did not occur because the distractors in a recognition test did not include the misinformation. This suggests that the absence of the misinformation in the recognition test is a factor that can prevent the misinformation effect.

In McCloskey and Zaragoza (1985), the Misinformation Effect Did Not