Mutants that constitutively expressed β-galactosidase were placed into two different groups.Where were the mutations for constitutive expression located?

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Mutations leading to constitutive expression of β-galactosidase are typically found in either the lacI gene, which encodes the repressor protein, or the operator region, which the repressor binds to. Mutations in lacI can prevent the repressor from binding to the operator, and mutations in the operator can prevent the repressor from binding effectively, both leading to constitutive expression of the lac operon.

Mutants That Constitutively Expressed β-Galactosidase Were Placed into Two Different