Plummer-Vinson syndrome can develop as a result of long-standing __________ anemia.

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Plummer-Vinson syndrome can develop as a result of long-standing iron deficiency anemia. This syndrome includes dysphagia, atrophy of the upper alimentary tract, and a predisposition to the development of oral cancer. Pernicious anemia is a vitamin B₁₂ deficiency caused by a deficiency of intrinsic factor, which is secreted by the parietal cells of the stomach. Thalassemia is the name of a group of inherited disorders of hemoglobin synthesis. Aplastic anemia results in a dramatic decrease in all the circulating blood cells because of a severe depression of bone marrow activity.

Plummer-Vinson Syndrome Can Develop as a Result of Long-Standing __________