Question 1

A patient complains of pain to the upper jaw. This would be documented as pain in the:

Accepted Answer

The upper jaw is the maxilla.

Question 2

After you apply and use the automated external defibrillator, a patient regains his pulse and has adequate respirations. The paramedic asks you to place the patient in a lateral recumbent position. How should you position this patient?

Accepted Answer

The lateral recumbent position is also known as the recovery position, and it is achieved by placing the patient on their left side with their left arm extended and their right arm bent at the elbow to support their head. This position can help maintain an open airway and assist with drainage of fluids from the mouth.

Question 3

A 23-year-old male has been shot with a rifle. The bullet entered his chest just above the left nipple and exited his body just left of his lumbar spine. Proper documentation of this injury would include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

D  The bullet entered the chest, which is part of the anterior thorax, so the entry wound should be documented as to the anterior thorax. The bullet exited the body just left of the lumbar spine, which is part of the posterior torso, so the exit wound should be documented as to the posterior torso.

Question 4

Which of the following anatomical statements is true?

Accepted Answer

The knee is closer to the trunk of the body than the ankle, making it proximal to the ankle. The other options are incorrect: A) The hand is further from the trunk than the elbow, making it distal to the elbow. B) The shoulder is closer to the trunk than the hand, making it proximal to the hand. C) The hip is further from the trunk than the knee, making it distal to the knee.

Question 5

In which of the following respiratory structures would an occlusion cause total cessation of air flow into and out of the lungs?

Accepted Answer

The trachea is the main airway that leads to the lungs, an occlusion of the trachea would cause complete cessation of airflow into and out of the lungs. The right bronchi is a branch of the trachea and an occlusion in this area would limit air flow but not completely stop it. The nasopharynx and esophagus are not part of the airway and therefore an occlusion in these areas would not affect air flow to the lungs.

Question 6

Another EMT informs you that a patient has been stabbed once with a knife in the left midaxillary region. Where is this injury located?

Accepted Answer

The left midaxillary region is located on the left lateral side of the chest, between the armpit and the nipple.

Question 7

Involuntary or smooth muscles are found on which one of the following structures?

Accepted Answer

Involuntary or smooth muscles are found in the walls of internal organs such as blood vessels and intestines to allow them to contract and relax to move substances through the body. They are responsible for many of the body's automatic functions and are controlled by the autonomic nervous system, not under voluntary control.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes the anatomical position?

Accepted Answer

The anatomical position is a standardized position used in anatomy and medicine. It is defined as standing upright, facing forward, with the arms down at the sides and palms facing forward. This position allows for consistent and accurate communication about the location of structures in the body. Option A is incorrect because the palms should be facing forward, not downward. Option C is incorrect because the prone position is lying face down, not standing. Option D is incorrect because facing backward is not part of the anatomical position.

Question 9

A patient has fractured bones in his left leg. Which of the following could be broken?

Accepted Answer

The femur, tibia, and fibula are all bones in the leg and commonly fractured in this type of injury. The other options include bones in different areas of the body or in the opposite leg.

Question 10

A paramedic tells you that a patient with a probable spinal injury still retains his plantar reflexes. As a knowledgeable EMT, you should understand that the patient has reflex activity in what part of the body?

Accepted Answer

The plantar reflex is elicited by stroking the bottom of the foot, which causes the toes to flex downward. This reflex is mediated by the spinal cord, specifically the L5-S1 nerve roots. If a patient with a suspected spinal injury still has plantar reflexes, it indicates that the spinal cord is still intact at that level. This information can help guide further assessment and treatment.

Question 11

The segment of the spinal column that forms the posterior pelvis is the:

Accepted Answer

The sacral vertebrae form the posterior part of the pelvis and connect to the iliac bones of the pelvis, forming the sacroiliac joints. The thoracic and cervical vertebrae are located higher up in the spinal column, while the lumbar segment is located lower down but does not directly contribute to the formation of the pelvis.

Question 12

Which plane would show the liver, stomach, and spleen?

Accepted Answer

The transverse plane is also known as the horizontal plane, and it divides the body into upper and lower sections. This plane would be the best choice to show the liver, stomach, and spleen as they are located in the upper abdominal region.

Question 13

A female patient has suffered a stroke to the right side of her brain and has paralysis to the contralateral portion of the body. Which one of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

The brain controls the opposite side of the body, so a stroke on the right side of the brain would result in paralysis on the left side of the body, affecting the left arm and leg.

Question 14

An 89-year-old female patient has fallen in her living room and has pain in her left hip. As you approach, you note that she is on her back with her left leg turned inward. When relaying this information to the receiving hospital, which of the following statements would you make regarding her position?

Accepted Answer

The patient is described as lying on her back (supine) with her left leg turned inward, which indicates medial rotation of the left lower extremity.

Question 15

What is the function of the respiratory system?

Accepted Answer

The respiratory system is responsible for providing the body with oxygen. It includes organs such as the lungs, trachea, and bronchi, which work together to extract oxygen from the air and transport it to the bloodstream for delivery to the body's cells.

Question 16

A patient informs you that he injured a tendon in his knee three years ago and has had a difficult time walking since. You recognize that this injury involves a structure that:

Accepted Answer

A tendon is a fibrous connective tissue that connects a muscle to a bone. Therefore, injuring a tendon in the knee would affect the connection between a muscle and the knee, which is option A. The other options, such as connecting muscles or ligaments to the knee or securing the bones of the knee, involve different structures in the joint.

Question 17

You have been called to transport a patient who is suffering from an illness that has impaired the ability of the involuntary muscles to contract. Which of the following conditions would you expect?

Accepted Answer

Involuntary muscles are responsible for movement in organs such as the intestines. If these muscles are impaired, it can lead to decreased movement of wastes through the large intestine, which can result in constipation and other digestive issues. Options B, C, and D are not related to the impairment of involuntary muscles.

Question 18

A female patient suffers from a muscular disease and cannot walk, thus requiring a wheelchair. Because she cannot ambulate, you would recognize that the muscles affected are:

Accepted Answer

The patient's inability to walk indicates that the affected muscles are voluntary, as opposed to involuntary muscles such as cardiac and smooth muscles.

Question 19

Which line divides the body into right and left halves?

Accepted Answer

The midline is an imaginary line that divides the body into equal right and left halves. It runs down the center of the body from the top of the head to the pubic bone.

Question 20

The bones of the upper extremities include:

Accepted Answer

The upper extremities refer to the arms, and the bones in the arms are the humerus and radius (as well as the ulna). The calcaneus is a bone in the foot, the tibia is a bone in the leg, and phalanges are the bones in the fingers/toes.

Quiz 7: Anatomy, Physiology, and Medical Terminology