Natalie was trying to domesticate her new puppy, Beau. Every time he defecated outside, she praised him for being a good dog and gave him a treat. Beau eventually learned the behavior Natalie desired and was soon able to alert her every time he wanted to relieve himself. This type of learning is referred to as _____.

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Instrumental conditioning, also known as operant conditioning, involves learning through the consequences of behavior. Natalie's method of rewarding Beau for defecating outside reinforces the behavior, making it more likely to occur in the future. This is a classic example of instrumental conditioning, where behaviors are modified through rewards or punishments.

Natalie Was Trying to Domesticate Her New Puppy, Beau