Underpinning many retributive views of capital punishment is a Kantian emphasis on:

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Kantian philosophy emphasizes the importance of respect for persons, which includes the prohibition of using people as mere means to ends. Applying this principle to the death penalty suggests that it is wrong to execute someone for the sake of deterrence or as a means of punishment, as it fails to respect their inherent human dignity. Therefore, a Kantian would argue against capital punishment as a violation of the principle of respect for persons.

Underpinning Many Retributive Views of Capital Punishment Is a Kantian