_____ transmission of an infectious disease occurs when an individual is infected by contact with the reservoir.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Direct horizontal transmission occurs when an individual is infected through direct physical contact with the reservoir, which can be another person, an animal, or an object contaminated with the infectious agent. This mode of transmission includes activities such as touching, kissing, sexual contact, or inhaling droplets generated by infected individuals (e.g., coughing or sneezing). Direct vertical transmission, on the other hand, refers to the transmission of an infection from a mother to her offspring during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding. Indirect horizontal transmission occurs when an individual gets infected through contact with a contaminated object or surface, or through the bites of an infected vector such as mosquitoes, ticks, or fleas. Indirect vertical transmission refers to the transmission of an infection from a parent to its offspring through contaminated food, water, or the environment.

_____ Transmission of an Infectious Disease Occurs When an Individual