Esophageal varices is caused by either a congenital defect in the diaphragm or by increased intra-abdominal pressure.

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Esophageal varices are usually caused by increased pressure in the veins that drain the blood from the liver (portal hypertension), which can be caused by chronic liver disease (such as cirrhosis), blood clots in the liver veins, or other conditions. It is not typically caused by a congenital defect in the diaphragm.

Esophageal Varices Is Caused by Either a Congenital Defect in the Diaphragm