Undisturbed communities with species compositions that remain stable over time are referred to as

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These communities are considered "climax" because they have reached a state of equilibrium and are self-sustaining. In other words, they have reached a stable state and remain relatively unchanged unless disrupted by external factors such as human disturbance or natural disasters. Primary and secondary successors are communities that are still in the process of developing and changing, and keystone communities are those that are heavily influenced by certain species that have a disproportionate impact on the ecosystem.

Undisturbed Communities with Species Compositions That Remain Stable Over Time