Question 1

With regard to exercise behaviour,it has been suggested by Gauvin (1990)that those who maintain exercise

Accepted Answer

The answer of With regard to exercise behaviour,it has been...

Question 2

The difference between internal and external imagery is that in the case of external imagery the individual

Accepted Answer

External imagery involves the individual imagining themselves as an outside observer watching their own actions, rather than experiencing it from within their own body.

Question 3

The tendency to be highly aware of one's internal and external experiences in the context of an accepting,non-judmental stance toward those experiences describes

Accepted Answer

The description given in the question is characteristic of mindfulness, which involves being present in the moment and accepting one's experiences without judgment. Self-talk, relaxation training, imagery, and goal setting may all be part of a mindfulness practice, but they do not encompass the full essence of mindfulness as described in the question. Therefore, the best choice is C) mindfulness.

Question 4

Gerry is playing hockey in the provincial final.His team finished second last year and he says,"Only first will be good enough this year".This is an example of

Accepted Answer

Gerry's statement of "Only first will be good enough this year" is focused on the outcome, which is winning the provincial final. Therefore, this is an example of an outcome goal.

Question 5

The role of the sport psychologist working with an injured athlete within a sports medicine context would have all of the following responsibilities except

Accepted Answer

Providing distraction is not a typical responsibility of a sport psychologist working with an injured athlete within a sports medicine context. The other responsibilities listed (assessment of the athlete's psychological status, facilitate communication between physician and athlete, teach psychological skills, facilitate social support) are all important roles for a sport psychologist in this context.

Question 6

The latest intervention from clinical psychology which has been applied to the field of sport and exercise psychology is

Accepted Answer

Mindfulness meditation is the newest intervention from clinical psychology that has been applied to sport and exercise psychology. It involves practices that train individuals to focus their attention on the present moment and accept thoughts, feelings, and sensations without judgment. Mindfulness meditation has been shown to enhance athletic performance, reduce psychological distress, and increase overall well-being in athletes. Some of the key benefits of mindfulness meditation include reducing anxiety and depression, improving decision-making, and increasing resilience.

Question 7

The benefit of training in mindfulness for sport and exercise is that

Accepted Answer

Training in mindfulness allows the person to focus on the present moment and accept their emotional, cognitive, or physiological arousal without trying to control it. This can improve performance by allowing the individual to concentrate on their task at hand rather than being distracted by internal or external factors.

Question 8

Tyler,who is a healthy novice boxer,suffered a concussion after receiving a blow to the side of the head.Tyler did not lose consciousness at the time.This would most accurately be called

Accepted Answer

A rotational injury best describes the situation where Tyler, a novice boxer, suffered a concussion from a blow to the side of the head without losing consciousness. This type of injury occurs when the head rotates rapidly from the impact, causing brain tissues to stretch and leading to concussion symptoms.

Question 9

One of the most widely researched areas in the field of psychological skill is

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of the most widely researched areas...

Question 10

In the 1984 Olympic Games what per cent of Canadian athletes indicated that they used imagery techniques to enhance performance?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the 1984 Olympic Games what per...

Question 11

Nina is a long distance runner who really likes to win.She is very competitive and constantly compares herself to the performance of others.If she doesn't win,she feels like a failure even though she may have come second in the race.The type of goal perspective that Nina illustrates is the

Accepted Answer

Nina's focus is on winning and comparing herself to others, which is a characteristic of an ego orientation. She is driven by the desire to demonstrate her superiority over others and is more concerned with the final outcome rather than the effort put into achieving it.

Question 12

Based on a meta-analysis of the literature on mental practice,Driskell,Copper,and Moran (1994)concluded that

Accepted Answer

Driskell, Copper, and Moran (1994) concluded that while mental practice is beneficial, physical practice is more effective than mental practice.

Question 13

Ishan has never been an athlete and does not enjoy any type of exercise.In fact,Ishan avoids any form of sport or exercise.According to Albert Ellis,Ishan could change if he

Accepted Answer

Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy could help Ishan change his negative beliefs and perceptions about exercise and sports, resulting in a more positive attitude towards physical activity.

Question 14

Individuals are more likely to continue with an exercise program if

Accepted Answer

Enjoyment is a key factor in adherence to an exercise program. If someone perceives the exercise as enjoyable, they are more likely to continue doing it regularly. Factors like pain or being prescribed may motivate some individuals initially, but enjoyment is a more sustainable motivator in the long run. Age and physical fitness levels may play a role in exercise program effectiveness, but they are not necessarily predictors of adherence. New Year's resolutions are often short-lived and not strong enough to sustain long-term exercise habits.

Question 15

Julia walks with her friend every weekday morning for 60 minutes.This activity has been shown to provide a(n)___________form of _ exercise and a high level of _________.

Accepted Answer

Walking for 60 minutes every weekday morning is considered a moderate form of exercise because it raises the heart rate and promotes calorie burning but is not as intense as high-intensity interval training or weightlifting. The activity has also been shown to provide affective pleasure, which means it generates positive emotions such as happiness, satisfaction, and enjoyment. Mild exercise may not provide enough physical or psychological benefits, while intense exercise may be too challenging or overwhelming for some people. Self-worth and self-efficacy are related to one's beliefs about their abilities and accomplishments, which may be improved by exercise but are not directly associated with the type or intensity of the activity. Emotionality is a broad term that encompasses various emotional experiences, but it is not a specific outcome of aerobic exercise.

Question 16

Zu is playing in a golf tournament on the week-end.She says that she is going to keep her head down every time she hits the ball and think only positive thoughts when she is approaching the green.This is an example of a(n)

Accepted Answer

Keeping her head down and thinking positive thoughts are both part of the process of playing golf, rather than a specific outcome or performance goal. This makes it a process goal.

Question 17

Johnny is an 8-year-old who is learning to play tennis.He announces to his mother after a game that he returned the ball using his backhand 6 times,something he had never done before.Johnny does not mention that he lost the game.He is exhibiting

Accepted Answer

Johnny's focus on his personal accomplishment of successfully using his backhand six times indicates a task orientation. He is motivated by personal improvements and achievements rather than winning or losing the game, which is indicative of an ego orientation. The other answer choices are not relevant to this scenario.

Question 18

Higher levels of performance are achieved through setting

Accepted Answer

The answer of Higher levels of performance are achieved through...

Question 19

_______________ is a sensory experience that is performed in the absence of external stimuli,whereas ___________________ is a technique that involves mentally practicing a skill.

Accepted Answer

Imagery refers to creating or recreating sensory experiences in the mind without any external stimuli. Mental rehearsal, on the other hand, involves mentally practicing a skill, such as visualizing yourself performing a certain task or going through a specific scenario. Therefore, option A is the correct choice.

Question 20

An athlete who constantly tells himself that "I must do well" is using

Accepted Answer

The phrase "I must do well" reflects absolute thinking, which involves rigid, all-or-nothing thinking patterns.

Quiz 5: Health and Physical Activity

With regard to exercise behaviour,it has been suggested by Gauvin (1990) that those who maintain exercise