Research has shown the sons of authoritarian parents to be relatively hostile and defiant and the daughters to be low in independence and dominance.

Question

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Research in developmental psychology suggests that children raised by authoritarian parents—those who are strict, demanding, and often lacking in responsiveness—tend to exhibit certain behavioral patterns. Sons often become hostile and defiant, while daughters may show lower levels of independence and dominance. This is attributed to the highly controlled and punitive environment that discourages open expression and autonomy.

Research Has Shown the Sons of Authoritarian Parents to Be