Justin is 8 years old. He believes that he needs to follow the rules of the game or his library privileges will be removed. According to, Kohlberg's levels of moral development, which stage is Justin in?

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Justin is in Stage 1 of Kohlberg's levels of moral development, which is the Pre-conventional level. At this stage, children's sense of morality is externally controlled. They see rules as fixed and absolute, obeying them to avoid punishment or to gain concrete rewards. Justin's belief that not following the rules will result in losing his library privileges reflects this obedience and punishment orientation.

Justin Is 8 Years Old