According to studies by Goldin and Skoloff (1982)and Craig and Field-Hendry (1993),the female-to-male wage ratio in the early 1800s

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According to Goldin and Skoloff (1982) and Craig and Field-Hendry (1993), the female-to-male wage ratio in the early 1800s was approximately 0.4, which is comparable to the ratio in 1860. This suggests that there was no significant improvement in gender wage equality during this time period. Option A is incorrect because the studies did not compare the ratio between the North and the South. Option C is incorrect because there is no evidence to suggest that the adoption and success of the Waltham system was related to the female-to-male wage ratio. Option D is incorrect because it is impossible for the female-to-male wage ratio to be greater than one, as that would mean that women are earning more than men on average.

According to Studies by Goldin and Skoloff (1982)and Craig and Field-Hendry