The process whereby Western nations established their rule in parts of the world away from their home territories is called:

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Colonialism refers to the process of establishing and maintaining political and economic control over foreign territories by a more powerful country or group of people. This often involved the exploitation of resources and people in the colonized territories for the benefit of the colonizers. Assimilation refers to the absorption of one culture into another, while cultural appropriation refers to the adoption of elements of one culture by another culture without proper acknowledgement or respect. Manifest Destiny is a term used to describe the 19th-century belief among Americans that it was their God-given right to expand westward and spread their civilization.

The Process Whereby Western Nations Established Their Rule in Parts