The perinatal nurse is educating a group of women on common causes of miscarriage,or spontaneous abortion.Which of the following does the nurse describe? (Select all that apply.)

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Early spontaneous abortions have been linked to chromosomal abnormalities,infections,maternal anatomical defects,and immunological and endocrine factors.In some cases,no cause is found.Second-trimester spontaneous abortions can be caused by chronic infection,recreational drug use,maternal uterine or cervical anatomical defects,maternal systemic disease,exposure to fetotoxic agents,and trauma.In general,working during pregnancy is not a risk factor,although the nurse should assess the woman's work setting for environmental/work-related risks,such as fetotoxic agents or ionizing radiation.

The Perinatal Nurse Is Educating a Group of Women on Common