Research by Olsson and Phelps (2004)suggests that Pavlovian conditioning and observational learning

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Olsson and Phelps suggest that both Pavlovian conditioning (associating a fear response with a previously neutral stimulus) and observational learning (learning from observing another's fear response) work together to develop phobias. Specifically, the researchers suggest that observing someone else's fear response can enhance the fear learning process via Pavlovian conditioning. This effect is not dependent on conscious awareness of the fear-inducing stimulus.

Research by Olsson and Phelps (2004)suggests That Pavlovian Conditioning and Observational