The null hypothesis that is appropriate to state with a directional research hypothesis asserts that
A) the independent variable has no effect.
B) chance alone is responsible for the observed differences between conditions.
C) the independent variable does not have an effect in the direction predicted by the research hypothesis (H1).
D) b and c

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The null hypothesis with a directional research hypothesis asserts that the independent variable does not have an effect in the direction predicted by the research hypothesis (H1). This means that the null hypothesis is specifically formulated to test whether the predicted effect in the research hypothesis is present or not. Option A is incorrect because it is a general null hypothesis that does not specify any direction of effect. Option B includes the possibility of chance as an explanation for observed differences, but it does not address the directional aspect of the research hypothesis. Option D combines two incorrect options.

The Null Hypothesis That Is Appropriate to State with a Directional