As a 20-year-old, Karl had his GFR measured by a urologist and found that it was 125 mL/minute. Now as Karl approaches 75 years old, he can expect that number to be cut

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GFR (glomerular filtration rate) decreases with age, as a result of a decrease in the number and functioning of nephrons (the filtering units of the kidney). On average, GFR decreases by about 0.8 mL/min per year after age 30. Therefore, if Karl's original GFR was 125 mL/minute and he is now 75 years old, his GFR would be expected to decrease by at least 50% or more, leading to a GFR of 62.5 mL/minute or less.

As a 20-Year-Old, Karl Had His GFR Measured by a Urologist