Older adults who spend their time engaged in activities or relationships that encourage them to utilize and maintain the strength of their executive functioning skills may not experience a decline in cognitive abilities regardless of volume loss due to:

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Brain plasticity refers to the brain's ability to adapt and reorganize itself throughout our lives. It allows us to learn new skills and to recover from injuries. Engaging in activities or relationships that require the use of executive functioning skills (such as problem-solving, planning, and decision-making) can help stimulate brain plasticity and mitigate the effects of volume loss on cognitive abilities. Cognitive lumosity and capacity are not commonly used terms in this context, and brain lumosity is not a recognized concept in neuroscience.

Older Adults Who Spend Their Time Engaged in Activities or Relationships