Studies that seek to investigate the efficacy of psychotherapy typically include a treatment group,a pre-treatment assessment of client functioning,a post-treatment assessment of client functioning,and

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A control group is typically included in studies investigating the efficacy of psychotherapy in order to compare the treatment group's outcomes to a group that did not receive the therapy or received an alternative treatment. This helps to ensure that any improvements are not simply due to placebo effects or other external factors. Pre- and post-treatment assessments are also necessary in order to measure changes in client functioning over the course of therapy. A manipulation check is a measure used to ensure that the treatment was administered as intended, but it is not always included in studies of psychotherapy efficacy. Internal audits may be conducted to ensure that the study was conducted ethically and rigorously, but they are not a necessary component of the study design.

Studies That Seek to Investigate the Efficacy of Psychotherapy Typically