A nurse is caring for a client with congestive heart failure (CHF)who currently smokes cigarettes and has a 50 pack-year smoking history. When providing smoking cessation education to this client, which statements regarding the pathophysiology of nicotine use are appropriate? Select all that apply.
A)"In low doses, nicotine stimulates nicotinic receptors in the brain to release dopamine."
B)"In high doses, nicotine stimulates the parasympathetic system to release epinephrine, causing vasoconstriction."
C)"Initially, nicotine increases mental alertness and cognitive ability."
D)"Nicotine is a nonpsychoactive substance found in tobacco."
E)"Gradual reduction of nicotine intake appears to be the best method of cessation."

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

A)In low doses, nicotine stimulates nicotinic receptors in the brain to release dopamine and epinephrine, causing vasoconstriction. This response is associated with the sympathetic nervous system, not the parasympathetic nervous system. Initially, nicotine increases mental alertness and cognitive ability, but eventually it depresses those responses. Nicotine is a psychoactive substance found in tobacco. Gradual reduction in nicotine use seems to prolong the suffering of withdrawal and is not a recommended method of cessation.
B)In low doses, nicotine stimulates nicotinic receptors in the brain to release dopamine and epinephrine, causing vasoconstriction. This response is associated with the sympathetic nervous system, not the parasympathetic nervous system. Initially, nicotine increases mental alertness and cognitive ability, but eventually it depresses those responses. Nicotine is a psychoactive substance found in tobacco. Gradual reduction in nicotine use seems to prolong the suffering of withdrawal and is not a recommended method of cessation.
C)In low doses, nicotine stimulates nicotinic receptors in the brain to release dopamine and epinephrine, causing vasoconstriction. This response is associated with the sympathetic nervous system, not the parasympathetic nervous system. Initially, nicotine increases mental alertness and cognitive ability, but eventually it depresses those responses. Nicotine is a psychoactive substance found in tobacco. Gradual reduction in nicotine use seems to prolong the suffering of withdrawal and is not a recommended method of cessation.
D)In low doses, nicotine stimulates nicotinic receptors in the brain to release dopamine and epinephrine, causing vasoconstriction. This response is associated with the sympathetic nervous system, not the parasympathetic nervous system. Initially, nicotine increases mental alertness and cognitive ability, but eventually it depresses those responses. Nicotine is a psychoactive substance found in tobacco. Gradual reduction in nicotine use seems to prolong the suffering of withdrawal and is not a recommended method of cessation.
E)In low doses, nicotine stimulates nicotinic receptors in the brain to release dopamine and epinephrine, causing vasoconstriction. This response is associated with the sympathetic nervous system, not the parasympathetic nervous system. Initially, nicotine increases mental alertness and cognitive ability, but eventually it depresses those responses. Nicotine is a psychoactive substance found in tobacco. Gradual reduction in nicotine use seems to prolong the suffering of withdrawal and is not a recommended method of cessation.

A Nurse Is Caring for a Client with Congestive Heart