Natural climate variability ranging over months to decades is primarily the result of

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Natural climate variability on a scale of months to decades is primarily the product of ocean-atmospheric interactions, mainly the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO). These climate oscillations cause fluctuations in ocean currents, wind patterns, and sea surface temperatures, all of which have cascading effects on weather patterns and precipitation in different regions globally. Other processes, such as variations in solar intensity, the Milankovitch cycle, and changes in lunar orbit, may play a role in natural climate change on long time scales, but they do not primarily cause variability on a scale of months to decades.

Natural Climate Variability Ranging Over Months to Decades Is Primarily