When discussing critical factors in human resource management,______ are those that can only be affected through direct means.

Question

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Independent variables are those that can be directly controlled and manipulated by the HR manager. These include things such as training programs, recruitment strategies, and performance appraisals. Dependent variables, on the other hand, are outcomes that are affected by these independent variables (e.g. employee satisfaction, productivity, turnover rates), but cannot be directly controlled by the manager. Conceptual skills and design skills are not directly related to the discussion of critical factors in human resource management.

When Discussing Critical Factors in Human Resource Management,______ Are Those