Well into the twentieth century, most efforts by Congress to regulate commerce were blocked by the Supreme Court's interpretation of the idea of federalism, with the primary barrier being a limited concept of

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The limited concept of federalism that blocked Congress's efforts to regulate commerce was focused on the idea of interstate commerce. The Supreme Court interpreted the Constitution to limit the federal government's authority over economic activities that did not directly involve crossing state lines or other forms of interstate commerce. This interpretation changed in the 1930s with the New Deal era and Supreme Court decisions such as Wickard v. Filburn, which expanded the federal government's regulatory powers over economic activity.

Well into the Twentieth Century, Most Efforts by Congress to Regulate