Joan is a six-year-old child who cries out in the middle of the night, appearing frightened and inconsolable. Her parents are unable to comfort her during these episodes, and Joan has no memory of the event in the morning. Joan appears to be experiencing

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Joan's behavior is indicative of sleep terrors, which are characterized by outbursts of fear and confusion during non-REM sleep. These episodes typically occur during the first third of the night and are not remembered upon waking. Dyssomnia refers to difficulties falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking up. Hypersomnia refers to excessive daytime sleepiness. Nightmares occur during REM sleep and are often remembered upon waking.

Joan Is a Six-Year-Old Child Who Cries Out in the Middle