Which One of the Following Is an Example of Breach

Which one of the following is an example of breach of fiduciary duty?

A) The directors of the corporation refuse to give a pay raise to the employees although they had not received a pay raise for five years.
B) A director profited $120 000 from a contract between the corporation and a firm in which he had an interest after he made full disclosure of his interest to the board of directors and abstained from the vote on the contract.
C) An officer of the corporation learned of a business opportunity intended for the corporation and intercepted it for his own benefit.
D) The directors refused to declare a dividend, contrary to the request by its preferred shareholders.
E) A shareholder owning 2 percent of the outstanding shares started a business in direct competition with the corporation in which he held shares.