The American system for electing members of Congress is often referred to as "first past the post" because

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In a "first past the post" system, the candidate who receives the most votes in a particular voting district wins the election, even if they did not receive a majority of the total votes. This can lead to situations where a candidate wins with less than 50% of the vote if there are multiple candidates in the race splitting the vote. This system is also sometimes called a "winner-takes-all" system, as the winning candidate takes all of the electoral votes or seats in that district.

The American System for Electing Members of Congress Is Often