Dr. Gurkas had the students count off 1-4 and then asked them to join other students who had the same number. What is she creating

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Dr. Gurkas is creating minimal groups, as the students are being divided into groups based on a random and arbitrary assignment of numbers, rather than any meaningful characteristics or shared identities. This can be a useful way to study intergroup relations and prejudice, as it isolates the effects of group membership from other factors. Ingroups and outgroups are terms used to describe social groups that individuals feel they belong to or don't belong to, respectively. Comparison groups are groups that are used as a point of comparison in research studies, but this is not relevant to the context of the given scenario.

Dr Gurkas Had the Students Count Off 1-4 and Then