What type of policy did federal courts generally maintain with respect to the rights of prisoners prior to the 1960s?

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Prior to the 1960s, federal courts generally followed a "hands-off" policy with regard to the rights of prisoners, meaning they rarely recognized any rights for prisoners and did not intervene in prison operations or conditions. This approach began to change in the 1960s with the emergence of prisoner rights activism and a series of court decisions that recognized constitutional protections for prisoners.

What Type of Policy Did Federal Courts Generally Maintain with Respect