If It Appears That the Parties Had Concluded Their Negotiations

If it appears that the parties had concluded their negotiations and reached agreement on all the essential aspects of the transaction,most courts would probably find a contract at the time agreement was reached,even though no formal agreement had been signed.Which of the following is an exception to this rule?

A) During the negotiation process,the parties gave a clear expression of intent that prevents the formation of a contract until both parties have signed.
B) The parties provide proof of prior dealings that indicate an agreement is usually only reached between the parties when it is put into writing.
C) The parties demonstrate that it is customary in their trade to only sign written agreements.
D) The parties demonstrate that it was not their intention to be in a binding agreement until it was put into writing and signed.