Following the Treaties of Westphalia,

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The Treaties of Westphalia, which ended the Thirty Years' War in 1648, are often credited with laying the groundwork for the modern state system. One of the outcomes was the beginning of the establishment of permanent militaries by European leaders, as states sought to assert their sovereignty and protect their interests in a new international order. The treaties did not ensure equality of power among states, lead to a rise in power of the Holy Roman Empire, or abandon secular rule.