Toll-Like Receptors Are Eukaryotic Membrane Proteins That Bind with Bacterial

Toll-like receptors are eukaryotic membrane proteins that bind with bacterial surface molecules and

A) form channels through which bacterial proteins can enter the eukaryotic cell.
B) cause the cell to phagocytize the bacteria.
C) cause the release of antibiotics to kill the bacteria.
D) cause the release of cytokines that trigger host defenses against the bacteria.
E) activate the complement cascade.