__________ diseases are often called spongiform encephalopathies.

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Spongiform encephalopathies are a group of neurodegenerative diseases that affect the central nervous system. They are caused by abnormal proteins called prions, which are capable of converting normal proteins into the abnormal form, resulting in the accumulation of toxic protein in the brain. Meningitis, cytotoxins, neurotoxins, and viruses are known to cause other types of diseases but are not specifically associated with spongiform encephalopathies.

__________ Diseases Are Often Called Spongiform Encephalopathies