According to the U.S. Supreme Court, the "necessary and proper" clause gives Congress the authority to legislate in areas not mentioned in the list of enumerated powers if the legislation reasonably relates to an enumerated power.

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The "necessary and proper" clause, found in Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution, grants Congress the authority to pass all laws necessary and proper for carrying out the enumerated list of powers. The Supreme Court has interpreted this clause to mean that Congress can legislate in areas not explicitly mentioned in the Constitution, as long as the legislation is reasonably related to an enumerated power.