Which of the Following Best Explains the Reason for the Rise

Which of the following best explains the reason for the rise in protectionist pressures around the world during the 1980s?

A) The strict GATT bureaucracy in Geneva controlling trade regulations
B) The opening up of international markets to cheap products from China
C) The fall of the Soviet Union
D) The persistent trade deficit in the world's largest economy, the United States
E) The economic failure of Japan which hampered the global economy