When a country has the ability to produce a good or service at a lower opportunity cost than others can,they:

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The concept of comparative advantage in international trade refers to a situation where a country can produce a specific good or service at a lower opportunity cost than other countries. This means that the country can produce more of the good or service with the same amount of resources, or produce the same amount with fewer resources (labor, time, capital, etc.). As a result, the country can sell that good or service to other countries at a lower price, or import other goods or services that it cannot produce efficiently itself. Therefore, having a comparative advantage is considered an advantage in international trade, as it allows countries to specialize in what they do best, and benefit from trade with other countries that have different comparative advantages. Absolute advantage, on the other hand, refers to a situation where a country can produce a good or service using fewer resources than another country, regardless of opportunity cost, which is not always the case in international trade. Being a free-trader or remaining self-sufficient are not directly related to the concept of comparative advantage.

When a Country Has the Ability to Produce a Good