Paulsen and Warren enter into a written contract.Warren later sues Paulsen for breaking a certain oral promise that Warren alleges is part of their deal.Paulsen's oral promise is not included in the terms of the written contract.At trial,Warren attempts to introduce evidence about the oral promise,and Paulsen's attorney objects to the admission of the evidence on the ground that it violates the parol evidence rule.A court would refuse to admit evidence about Paulsen's oral promise if:

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In the above case,the court would refuse to admit evidence about Paulsen's oral promise if the oral promise was made before the written contract was signed and contradicts a term of the written contract.A party can always introduce proof of an oral agreement made after the writing was created.However,these subsequent oral modifications of contracts may sometimes be unenforceable due to lack of consideration or failure to comply with the statute of frauds.In addition,the courts look closely at the evidence of the claimed oral modification.

Paulsen and Warren Enter into a Written Contract