In the End,Portugal Was Unable to Maintain Its Early Domination

In the end,Portugal was unable to maintain its early domination of trade because

A) it was a small country with a small population.
B) a Chinese resurgence of naval exploration forced the Portuguese out.
C) a late outbreak of the bubonic plague in the seventeenth century killed half the country's population.
D) the English,French,and Dutch formed a lasting alliance designed to force the Portuguese to surrender.
E) the Portuguese tired of the expenses of naval exploration and focused on their European land empire.