Allen's rule states that mammals from colder climates have shorter ears and appendages than individuals of the same species from warmer areas.The related Bergman's rule states that mammal body size varies with latitude,with larger body size in populations located closer to the poles and smaller body size in populations located closer to the equator.Both Allen's and Bergman's rule has to do with the fact that

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Both Allen's and Bergman's rule can be explained by the fact that larger bodies have a proportionally smaller surface area compared to their volume. This means that they lose less heat to the surrounding environment through radiation than smaller bodies with a larger surface area compared to their volume. As a result, larger-bodied organisms are better suited to colder environments, where heat loss is a significant challenge, and they are more efficient at maintaining a stable body temperature in cold weather. Similarly, smaller-bodied organisms are better suited to warmer environments, where heat dissipation is more critical, and they can more easily rid themselves of excess body heat through their larger surface area.

Allen's Rule States That Mammals from Colder Climates Have Shorter