The Principal Advantages of Strategic Alliances Over Vertical Integration or Horizontal

The principal advantages of strategic alliances over vertical integration or horizontal mergers/acquisitions is defined best by:

A) resource pooling and risk sharing,more adaptive response capabilities,and the speed of deployment wherewithal.
B) the potential profitability of the alliance and related experience curve economics.
C) facilitating best practices,more production capacity,and relevant synergistic savings.
D) embracing the transactional and relational concept of operating practices and competencies.
E) All of these.