Which of the Following Is NOT an Example of a Defensive

Which of the following is NOT an example of a defensive move to protect a company's market position and restrict a challenger's options for initiating a competitive attack?

A) challenging struggling runner-up firms that are on the verge of going under
B) granting volume discounts or better financing terms to dealers/distributors and providing discount coupons to buyers to help discourage them from experimenting with other suppliers/brands
C) signaling challengers that retaliation is likely in the event they launch an attack
D) publicly committing the company to a policy of matching a competitors' terms or prices
E) maintaining a war chest of cash and marketable securities