Which of the Following Was the Result in U

Which of the following was the result in U.S.v.Ruiz,the case in the text involving the defending deputy superintendent of New Mexico's insurance division who was convicted of offenses including mail fraud after he told insurers that they could avoid paying the fines for violation of licensing requirements if they contributed to certain charities?

A) That although the defendant violated certain laws, he did not violate the mail fraud statute because he did not himself mail fraudulent solicitations which is required for the offense of mail fraud.
B) That although the defendant used the mail to provide the illegal option to insurers, that in and of itself was insufficient to establish mail fraud.
C) That because the defendant used the mail to provide the illegal option to insurers, that in and of itself was sufficient to establish mail fraud.
D) That proof that the defendant directed that donations be made directly to charities established the reasonably foreseeable result that the mail would be used which was sufficient evidence to support his conviction.
E) That proof that the defendant directed that donations be made directly to charities established the reasonably foreseeable result that the mail would be used but that such foreseeability was insufficient to support his conviction.