On what basis did John Quincy Adams, "Old Man Eloquent," protest the "gag rule" concerning abolition petitions?

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John Quincy Adams protested the "gag rule" concerning abolition petitions because he believed it violated the First Amendment, which protects freedom of speech and the right to petition the government for a redress of grievances. He argued that the House of Representatives could not suppress or ignore petitions from the American people, regardless of their content or subject matter.

On What Basis Did John Quincy Adams, "Old Man Eloquent