How Did Black Women Challenge the Racial Ideology of the Jim

How did black women challenge the racial ideology of the Jim Crow South?

A) They formed their own secret militant organization.
B) They used their positions in domestic service for sabotage, pilfering, and revenge.
C) They insisted on the equal respectability of black women by working for "racial uplift."
D) They stressed the supremacy of their men to counter claims that black families lacked patriarchal order.
E) African-American women's organizations established gun clubs and shooting ranges to improve their skills at self-defense.